| Figure 1-1. |
Generic network
architecture |
2 |
| Figure 1-2. |
Wireline access networks |
6 |
| Figure 1-3. |
3GPP Release 5 IP-based cellular network architecture |
7 |
| Figure 2-1. |
OSI layer traversal example |
12 |
| Figure 2-2. |
Layer 2 protocol stacking within DSL network |
12 |
| Figure 2-3. |
ATM protocol stack |
15 |
| Figure 2-4. |
MPLS encapsulation |
17 |
| Figure 2-5. |
VPLS switch conceptual model |
21 |
| Figure 2-6. |
Control and data planes |
22 |
| Figure 2-7. |
Hierarchical traffic-management based on DSL Forum TR-059 |
29 |
| Figure 2-8. |
Standard line-card interfaces |
29 |
| Figure 3-1. |
Block diagram of typical NPU |
39 |
| Figure 4-1. |
NPU revenue by application segment, 2008 |
44 |
| Figure 4-2. |
NPU revenue by performance segment, 2006–2008 |
44 |
| Figure 4-3. |
NPU market share by revenue, 2008 |
46 |
| Figure 4-4. |
NPU market forecast, 2007–2013 |
47 |
| Figure 5-1. |
Bay Chesapeake block diagram |
56 |
| Figure 5-2. |
Bay Chesapeake NPU in a 24xGbE+2x10GbE switch |
58 |
| Figure 5-3. |
Bay Chesapeake NPU in a 2x10GbE line card |
59 |
| Figure 6-1. |
Broadcom BCM88025 block diagram |
64 |
| Figure 6-2. |
Broadcom 2x10GbE metro-Ethernet line card |
65 |
| Figure 7-1. |
EZchip NP-3 block diagram |
72 |
| Figure 7-2. |
EZchip NP-3 in a 10GbE line card |
74 |
| Figure 8-1. |
LSI APP650 V2 block diagram |
82 |
| Figure 8-2. |
LSI APP650 line card |
83 |
| Figure 8-3. |
LSI APP3300-based base-station network interface |
84 |
| Figure 9-1. |
Netronome NFP3200 block diagram |
92 |
| Figure 9-2. |
Netronome NFP3200 10GbE line card |
93 |
| Figure 10-1. |
Wintegra WinPath2 block diagram |
100 |
| Figure 10-2. |
Channelized OC-3/12 line card based on WinPath2 and UFE |
102 |
| Figure 10-3. |
Integrated IP DSLAM line card using WinArrow2 |
103 |
| Figure 10-4. |
WiMax base station using WinMax |
104 |
| Figure 11-1. |
Xelerated PISC architecture |
112 |
| Figure 11-2. |
Xelerated HX330 simplified block diagram |
113 |
| Figure 11-3. |
Xelerated 4x10GbE line card with Dune fabric |
114 |
| Figure 12-1. |
AMCC OC-48 line card |
123 |
| Figure 12-2. |
Centec 48xGbE+4x10GbE Carrier Ethernet switch design |
125 |
| Figure 12-3. |
Lightstorm 10xGbE metro Ethernet switch |
133 |